Архитектура Одессы: заметки с тегом Pavlovskiy houses of low-cost apartments

81/6, Kanatnaya Street. A former building of the administration of Pavlovskiy houses complex with low-cost apartments

Архитектура Одессы — Wed, 25 Dec 2013 12:54:32 +0200

It had taken a decade and a half from the end of the building number 5 construction before the ensemble of Pavlovskiy houses with low-cost apartments was supplemented with the last building — the number 6.

About complex 81/1, Kanatnaya Street 81/2, Kanatnaya Street 81/3, Kanatnaya Street 81/4, Kanatnaya Street 81/5, Kanatnaya Street 81/6, Kanatnaya Street

Type of building: administrative building, educational building
Style: geometric Art Nouveau
Architect: L. M. Chernigov (?)
Date of building: 1910s
Status: object of background housing

Facade

https://maps.google.com/maps/ms?msa=0&msid=218301489096028915799.0004d255edba24002ef8f&hl=ru&t=h&ll=46.466906,30.747111&spn=0,0&output=embed

Unfortunately, the exact details of the construction date and the author of the project are not available, that does not prevent, however, to conduct a free analysis of the house architecture. The authorship of L. M. Chernigov can most likely be supposed, as in the design of the building there is a number of elements peculiar to the architect. The building is strictly symmetrical; a silhouette is rectangular with a trapezoidal eminence in the central part. A similar technique was used by Leonid Chernigov, for example, in a house of Russow on 38b, Koblevskaya Street. A similar silhouette can be seen in a later creation of the architect on 9a, Preobrazhenskaya Street. Building facades are treated in a restrained manner of geometric Art Nouveau style with separate elements of the modernized Empire style and Russian neoclassical revival of the period (for example, moulded wreaths placed symmetrically at the level of the third floor, near the edges of the facade plane).

Decorative details of the ground floor

Decorative details of the second and third floors

Front facades are almost devoid of decoration, in the center of each there is a massive risalit of the staircase in the entire height of the building, flanked at the third-floor level by bay windows, having the shape of a circle quarter in plan. The bay windows are the only details diluting the monotony of front facades.

Bay windows, flanking the risalit

The layout of the building is unusual for residential architecture and it is likely that the building number 6 was designed for the arrangement of the various offices and services of Pavlovskiy houses. Both entrance halls on each floor are interconnected by means of a long corridor, on the sides of the latter apartment doors are located. The ceiling of the third floor rooms is much higher than the ceiling of other floors (it is clearly visible and in height of the third floor windows). Over doorways to the entrance halls metal canopies, made in a single style with the architecture of the house, were preserved.

Canopies of the doorways

In stair railings a simple geometric pattern was used, various variants of which are found both in the buildings of rational Art Nouveau and in the later constructivist buildings.

Entrance hall

Staircase, a view downward

Door of the corridor

Ceiling of the staircase, a fragment of the cornice

In general way, the architecture of the building number 6 contrasts sharply with the other buildings of the complex, bringing into their ensemble a considerable dissonance (first of all by the style and number of floors). However, taken as a separate building, the house is a rather interesting and original example of geometric Art Nouveau of the first half of the 1910s.

References and Archives

Статья о комплексе Павловских домов дешевых квартир
«Architects of Odessa». B. Pilyavsky
«Architecture of Odessa. Style and time». B. Pilyavsky
«Buildings, structures, monuments of Odessa and architects». B. Pilyavsky
An article about the building number 6 in Antique blog

Authors

Alexander Levitsky, art director, photographer and colorist
Dmitry Shamatazhi, photographer and compiler
Marina Tomenko, translator

81/5, Kanatnaya Street. Dwelling building of Pavlovskiy houses complex with low-cost apartments

Архитектура Одессы — Wed, 25 Dec 2013 12:53:55 +0200

The last of Tolvinskiy buildings, the number 5, was raised in 1895. A massive construction closed the courtyard from Yamchitskogo Lane side, having occupied the area between buildings no. 2 and no.4 along the building line.

About complex Kanatnaya Street, 81/1 Kanatnaya Street, 81/2 Kanatnaya Street, 81/3 Kanatnaya Street, 81/4 Kanatnaya Street, 81/5 Kanatnaya Street, 81/6

Type of building: dwelling house, a building of residential complex
Style: eclecticism, Renaissance
Architects: N. K. Tolvinskiy and engineer K. V. Hodetskiy
Date of building: 1895
Status: local architectural monument
Other addresses: 4, Yamchitskogo Lane

Facade (from courtyard side)

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The last of Tolvinskiy buildings, the number 5, was raised in 1895. A massive construction closed the courtyard from Yamchitskogo Lane side, having occupied the area between buildings no. 2 and no.4 along the building line. Of all the buildings, designed by Tolvinsky, the building no. 5 is stylistically closest to the original and unique manner of the architect. Many elements of the facade decoration appeared earlier and later in his other buildings in Odessa.

Facade (in Yamchitskogo Lane)

The building has a considerable length — 19 window axes from the courtyard side (excluding the corner risalits), and 25 — from the side of the lane (including the three axes of the main entrance staircase). The ground floors are treated with deep rustication, where, in contrast to the previous buildings, a parting of horizontal profiles in separate blocks has appeared.

Decoration details of the ground floor

The windows of the first floor are flanked by broad Ionic pilasters supporting the projecting, heavy dripstones of two types — triangular and semi-circular, with massive attics.

Decoration details of the first floor

Simple pilasters flanking the second-floor window were made coldly and schematic. Thus, the decoration of the first floor is singled out and (in contrast) amplified by its compositional value. From the courtyard side there are two significant risalits, topped with semicircular pediments, more two risalits flank the facade at the edges, marking cut corners. The corner risalits crown simple triangular pediments.

Courtyard facade risalits

Pediments of the central risalits of the courtyard facade

Risalits on the facade plane are decorated with double Corinthian pilasters, vertical composition of side risalits is accentuated by similar single ones.

Pilasters capitals

The building is equipped with three entrances; the central portal is marked with a balcony-terrace on the first floor, enclosed by a stone balustrade. Portals of side entrances, instead of balconies, are crowned by triangular pediments.

Entrances portals

Decorative portal on the axis of the front risalit

A facade in Yamchitskogo Lane is more restrained by design: extreme window axes are marked out by risalits with triangular pediments, the facade center is accentuated by a wide risalit in 13 window axes. Its central part is occupied by semicircular windows of the main entrance, above them — a large broken pediment, which is an enlarged and simplified version of the pediments of the building no. 1. The pediment is supported by double pilasters, similar to the pilasters on the opposite facade risalits.

Risalit of the main entrance from Yamchitskogo Lane side

A main entrance hall of the building is spacious, with a thoughtful lighting and functionality. A landing of each floor is a wide corridor with a cylindrical vault, which is separated from the volume of a staircase by the three-arch arcade supported by double thin columns from independent cast iron elements.

Main entrance hall

The columns of the ground and first floors have fluted shafts and capitals with geometric patterns. Columns of the second floor are thinner with more abundant plant ornamentation.

Fragments of the cast-iron columns

The staircase is square in plan, railings repeat railings motif of the buildings no.2, 3 and 4, but the central element of the scroll here is the simplest and extremely austere.

Railings

The rhythm of the three arches of each arcade echoes with three high semicircular windows, illuminating the stairwell.

Light windows

As in other buildings, steps are made of marble. Landings, on the contrary, — low, made of concrete mosaic without ornamentation.

Staircases of side entrance halls are much cramped and lit worse, despite the fact that at the sides of the building the big semicircular windows for lighting are arranged. On the front side, they marked out by risalits and flanked by pilasters. Risalits are topped by triangular pediments.

Side entrance hall (left-side)

Railings

Window fence of the landing between the floors

Service stair

Owing to the found proportions and the harmonious combination of volumes, the building number 5 looks very monumental and leaves an impression of good quality and reliability. Of the four buildings that were built by Tolvinskiy, it is the most successful, not only architecturally but also from an aesthetic point of view.

References and Archives

«Architects of Odessa». B. Pilyavsky
«Architecture of Odessa. Style and time». B. Pilyavsky
«Buildings, structures, monuments of Odessa and architects». B. Pilyavsky

Authors

Dmitry Shamatazhi, photographer and compiler
Alexander Levitsky, art director, photographer and colorist
Marina Tomenko, translator

81/4, Kanatnaya Street. Dwelling building of Pavlovskiy houses complex with low-cost apartments

Архитектура Одессы — Wed, 25 Dec 2013 12:53:43 +0200

A construction of the building number 4 began only two years later, after the completion of the third one. A long-running pause in the tandem Tolvinskiy-Chodetskiy was quite reasonable: the building was enriched by high semicircular windows; entrance halls became lighter and more comfortable.

About complex 81/1, Kanatnaya Street 81/2, Kanatnaya Street 81/3, Kanatnaya Street 81/4, Kanatnaya Street 81/5, Kanatnaya Street 81/6, Kanatnaya Street

Type of building: dwelling house, a building of residential complex
Style: eclecticism, Renaissance
Architects: N. K. Tolvinskiy and engineer K. V. Chodetskiy
Date of building: 1893-1894
Status: local architectural monument
Other addresses: 3, Orlikova Lane

Facade from the courtyard side

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In 1893, the construction of the building no. 4 was started. A year later, the unfinished building was still out on most maps and plans of the city, such as on a map of Michael Diterikhs only buildings no. 1, 2 and 3 were marked. The building no. 4 logically continued the development of the building line of Orlikov Lane, facing Yamchitskogo Lane by the front side. When designing houses, Tolvinsky showed a very atypical solution: to make facade from the courtyard side more plastic and showy in composition, than the front one. In general, the architecture of the building synthesizes the features of the buildings no. 2 and 3, but here the architect has introduced a new element — a high semicircular windows for lighting of the entrance halls. Subsequently, they will be applied in the building number 5. The composition of the courtyard facade is interesting, first of all, by its tectonics. The facade, with an extent of 17 window axes, is strictly symmetrical, and seven central axes, moreover, are highlighted by a massive risalit. In turn, the central axis of the risalit (where a doorway to the entrance hall, its staircase and light windows are located) is marked out by the narrow risalit with a triangular pediment.

Risalit of the central entrance

Another two entrance halls are arranged in the side wings, and light windows — at the ends. The facade from Orlikov Lane has (in the central part) a risalit, three window axes wide.

Facade from Orlikova Lane side (front)

Hoodmold corbels

Side facades cite previous buildings in composition, but here they are (due to the semi-circular windows of the entrance halls) more plastic.

Side facade

The interior is well preserved, including the scroll of a handrail on the entrance flight of stairs in the central entrance hall. A detail of the central part of the handrail scroll is devoid of artistic features and represents several inscribed into each other circles. In the building number 5, it is more austere.

Entrance hall (central)

Doorway to the entrance hall (left-side)

References and Archives

«Architects of Odessa». B. Pilyavsky
«Architecture of Odessa. Style and time „. B. Pilyavsky
„Buildings, structures, monuments of Odessa and architects“. B. Pilyavsky

Authors

Alexander Levitsky, art director, photographer and colorist
Dmitry Shamatazhi, photographer and compiler
Marina Tomenko, translator

81/3, Kanatnaya Street. Dwelling building of Pavlovskiy houses complex with low-cost apartments

Архитектура Одессы — Wed, 25 Dec 2013 12:53:12 +0200

After completion of the building number 2 construction in the end of 1890s, next year the laying of the building no. 3 — practically twice as big, with L-shaped layout plan, was carried out on the corner of Kanatnaya Street and Orlikova Lane.

About the complex 81/1,Kanatnaya Street 81/2, Kanatnaya Street Kanatnaya Street, 81/3 81/4, Kanatnaya Street 81/5, Kanatnaya Street 81/6, Kanatnaya Street

Type of the building: dwelling house, a building of residential complex
Style: eclecticism, Renaissance
Architects: N. K. Tolvinskiy and engineer K. V. Chodetskiy
Date of construction: 1891
Status: local architectural monument
Other addresses: 1, Orlikova Lane

Main facade

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Yard facade

While projecting the new building, Tolvinskiy took the way of mixing the styles of two previous buildings. The building got dripstones above the second floor windows (their corbels are almost identical to the corbels of the dripstonesof the first building) and increased quantity of modeled decor.

Thereby, the construction from the side of Kanatnaya Street obtained the traces of inseparable architectural ensemble, while the facades of the first and the second buildings (along Italian Boulevard) are harmonized with each other in a much smaller degree. Both exterior facades of the building number 3 are very simple compositionally : extreme axes are marked out by superficial avant-corpses, the corner of the building is truncated.

One of the avant-corpses, a view from below

The first floor is worked up with the rustic stone analogous with the rustic stone from the building no.1. The second floor, as it had been mentioned before, is emphasized by dripstones crowning the window openings on corbels.

Solution of the second floor windows

Here semicircular and three-angled dripstones are used, alternating one after the other. The second floor is performed as another quotation of Gonsiorovskiy building.

Window of the third floor from the side of Orlikova Lane

In the piers of the first and second floors the panels in the shape of thin empty frames without decor are placed, giving the facades of the building extra plasticity. End facades are compositionally consonant with the end facades of the building no.1. In the avant-corps, emphasizing the center of the facade plane, with triangular pediments, the windows of the entrance halls lighting are placed.

Avant-corps of the end facade with the windows of the entrance hall lighting

Utility building, adjacent to the end facade

Doorways to the entrance hall are arranged on the same axe with lighting windows. The third entrance hall is equipped in the corner, at the junction of wings from the side of the yard. Architectural finish of yard facades is similar to facial ones. Details of interior decoration repeat the previous building, except the elements in the center of the railing scroll.

One of the entrance halls

Therewith, in the building no. 3 the tiles are used, with which the landings in all the entrances halls are tiled with. In other buildings of the complex tile is absent.

Tiles of the landings

References and archives

“Architects of Odessa”. V. Pilyavskiy
*”Architecture of Odessa. Style and time”. V. Pilyavskiy
“Houses, buildings, monuments of Odessa and their Architects”. V. Pilyavskiy

Authors

Alexander Levitskiy, art director, photographer and colorist
Dmitriy Shamatazhi, photographer and writer
Marina Tomenko, editor
Maria Mandrikova, translator into English

81/2, Kanatnaya Street. Dwelling building of Pavlovskiy houses complex with cheap apartments

Архитектура Одессы — Wed, 25 Dec 2013 12:52:45 +0200

In the year 1891, after the death of Gonsiorowskiy, the projecting of the further building of the quarter was already managed by N. К. Tolvinskiy. In the year 1889 was made a laying of the second building which compositionally continued the house of Gonsiorowskiy along the building line of the Italian Boulevard.

About complex 81/1, Kanatnaya Street Канатная, 81/2 81/3, Kanatnaya Street 81/4,Kanatnaya Street 81/5, Kanatnaya Street 81/6, Kanatnaya Street

Type of building: dwelling house, building of the residential complex
Style: eclecticism, renaissance
Architect: N. К. Tolvinskiy and engineer К. V. Chodetskiy
Date of building: 1890
Status: local architectural monument
Other addresses: 9, Italian Boulevard

Facial facade

Gate

Yard facades

The building number 2 (the smallest one of all the buildings of the complex) was erected just in one year: in the year 1889 its laying was made and the year 1890 the building was almost finished. The buildingrepresent by a simply compound parallelepiped, has two spacious entrance halls, the entrances to which are located from the yard side.

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One of the facades of the building is orientated towards the building 1, the second one faces the building line of Yamchinskogo Lane. The central parts of the both facades are marked with shallow risalits crowned with strict triangle frontons. In the risalits the windows for the staircase lightening are built in. The facade along the Italian Boulevard is strictly symmetric and quite modestly decorated. The main compositional role is performed by two risalits with triangle frontons, similar to the side ones.

The ground floor is covered by a deep horizontal rustication, two upper floors are rusticated schematically.

Rustication of the yard facade

The piers of the first and second floors between the risalits are flanked by the pilasters without an order, the windows in the risalits are similarly decorated.

Decoration of the window openings of the facial facades (the first floor)

Above the windows of the first floors from the one risalit to another one inclusive a meander is made which to some extent smoothes the dryness of the facade which is almost devoid of any moulded decor.

Meander

The entrance halls saved their original railings and marble stairs, window frames and doors in the lobby. The landings are laid with marble plates, many of which are still in perfect condition. The drawing of the stair railings which reminds the ancient ornamental images of the incoming wave, is represented by the rhythm of curls with the round decorative elements in the center of each of them. In all the buildings of Tolvinskiy, these elements are not repeated even if the railings are identical.
In the buildings number 2 and 3 they make a flower, in the buildings number 4 and 5 they represent a simple circle without any decorative luxury.

Central hall, railings

From the landing of the second floor a low-cost metal stairs lead to the attic, the analogues of which were quite spread in the buildings of Odessa of the end of XIX centuries (usually installed in the secondary staircases and were almost never used in facial entrance halls).

Service stairs

The vaultings of the entrance halls are flat, supported by the girders. The vaulting of the ground floor is a cross-vaulting. The landing of the ground floor is compositionally separated from the staircase and vestibule by the wide arch bays. In general, the vaultings in all the buildings of Tolvinskiy are identical.

Vestibule

Plates of soviet times

References and archives

«Architects of Odessa». V. Pilyavskiy
«Architecture of Odessa. Style and time» V. Pilyavskiy
«Buildings, construction, monuments of Odessa and their architects» V.Pilyavskiy

Authors

Alexander Levitsky, art director, photograph and colourist
Dmitriy Shamatazhy, photographer and author
Valeriia Arnaud, translator
Marina Tomenko, editor